 | Esperanto Viva!Via sesa leciono |
Æu vi þatas rok-muzikon? Mi ne, sed miaj infanoj jes. Mi preferas klasikan muzikon!
 Persone estas rok-grupo
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There are several rock groups, which play at Esperanto events. There's Team' (grupo el Slovakio), Amplifiki (internacia [international] grupo) kaj Persone (grupo el Svedio [Sweden]). Mi iris al koncerto de Persone kun mia pli [more] aøa filo en la amasloøejo dum [during] Universala Kongreso. Por mi øi estis tro [too] brua [noisy], do mi for-iris, sed mia filo þatis, kaj li restis [stayed].
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Nuntempe [
nowadays; tempo = time] mi tre þatas Elena Pu¶ova. Þi estas rusa [Russian] komponistino [komponi = compose] el Moskvo [Moscow]. Þi komponas tre belajn [beautiful] melodiojn! Þi ankaý tre bone [well] pianludas [plays the piano]. Þi kantas kaj akompanas [accompanies] la proprajn [own] kantojn. Þi havas tre belan voæon [voice].
Kajto [kite], el Nederlando [The Netherlands], ne estas rok-muzika grupo, sed popol-muzika grupo. Estas [there is/are] tri kompakt-diskoj de Kajto. Kajto estas popol-muzika grupo
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 Edgoras (aý Edgar) violonas
| Tre populara ankaý estas Asorti. Asorti estas la familio Piþæikas, el Litovio [Lithuania]. La patrino, Elena, ludas fluton, akordionon, pianon, kaj kantas. La patro, Edwardas, kantas, kaj regas [controls] la elektronikajn aparatojn. La filo, Edgoras, tre bone violonludas kaj kantas. |
Æu vi komprenis? - Bone!
You met the word bone in the text, and so you have discovered a new ending: bona means good, and bone means well. "Þi ankaý tre bone pianludas" - "She also plays the piano very well".
If you say good by itself, then it's also bone - in the sense Well done!, as in the above: "Æu vi komprenis? - Bone!".
When added to an adjective (an -a word), -e can often be translated into English as -ly. For instance, brua is noisy, so brue is noisily ( "Ili ludis brue!"). Universala is universal, so universale is universally ("En la Universala Kongreso ili parolas universale en Esperanto!").
So now you know how to say, firstly, secondly, thirdly etc - it's unue, due, trie, and so on.
A neat way of saying "Þi parolas la rusan (lingvon)." is "Þi parolas ruse".
You have already met some -e words. Tute [entirely] is related to tuta [entire] and tuto [the lot]. So you could say: "La tuta kongreso estis tute bona; la tuto estis en Esperanto." Then there's kore [heartily] as in "Kore salutas ...", derived from koro [heart]. An interesting one is survoje. Sur is on, and vojo is way, so survoje is on the way.
We've also met dekstre and dekstren. These are, of course, derived from dekstra [right], as is also dekstro. Similarly, you can make up the words maldekstre, maldekstren and maldekstro. If you're interested in politics, you might want to talk about dekstruloj and maldekstruloj, and so it goes on.
Can you feel your vocabulary rapidly [rapide] expanding? The -e ending is used a lot more in Esperanto than the -ly ending in English. You can use it quite freely - as long as the resulting word makes sense! A common expression is danke al [thanks to], as in: "Danke al Esperanto, mi faris [made] multajn amikojn". Incidentally, fari can be translated as make or do.
Æu vi ricevas la kurson senpage? Æu vi parolas Esperanton denaske? Æu vi parolas telefone? Mi parolas Esperanton internacie. Vendrede multaj iras al la Londona Esperanto-Klubo; poste ili iras hejmen.
Note that Persone is a play on words. 'Person + e' means personally, but 'Per + son + e' means by means of sound. A suitable name for a music group!
Mia dua filo, Rolf, tre þatas rokmuzikon kaj popularan muzikon. Li mem [himself] komponas per la komputilo [computer]. Li havas programon por skribi [write] muzikon. Li enmetas [en + met + as: puts in] la muziknotojn [music notes] per muso [mouse]. La komputilo estas ligita [linked] al klavaro [keyboard], kaj øi povas ludi la muzikon per la klavaro. La klavaro donas [gives] la sonon [sound] de multaj instrumentoj.
 Rolf faris kasedon | Rolf ankaý kantas. Li antaýe kantis en preøeja [church: preøi is to pray] ¶oro [choir]. Nun li kantas rokmuzikon. Kiam li estis dek-kvin-jaraøa li faris kasedon [cassette] de la propraj kompona¼oj [kompon + a¼ + o + j: compositions]. Li uzis [used] lernejajn [school], elektronika¼ojn [elektronik + a¼ + o + j + n] dum lerneja libertempo [liber + temp + o; holidays (lit. free time)]. Poste, li merkatis [marketed] la kasedon kaj vendis [sold] øin internacie. |
Post Internacia Infana Kongreseto en Æe¶io [Czech Republic] li veturis al Internacia Kultura Festivalo [Cultural Festival] en Danio [Denmark], por kanti, violoni, kaj aýskulti [listen to] muzikon. Tio estis por li granda aventuro [adventure].
We've met a couple of new endings here. Note komputilo [computer] consists of komput + il + o. Komputi is to compute, and il is an instrument. Incidentally, as you meet more Esperanto speakers, you'll come across alternatives komputero and komputoro. The word hasn't quite settled down yet, but I think most komputistoj would prefer komputilo. Your tutor may not agree! And you may have your own opinions later!
The other ending you've met is a¼, as in kompona¼o and elektronika¼oj. The ending a¼ means thing, or substance so we're talking about a thing composed, or electronic things. These endings can be used as separate words, so ilo means tool, and a¼o means thing - useful words, especially whilst your vocabulary is still limited.
So we can talk about: laýtparolilo [loud speaker], demandilo [questionaire], muzikilo [musical instrument], ludilo [toy], skribilo [a writing implement], lernilo [learning aid, such as a text book, CD-ROM, Internet course, etc], aýdilo [hearing aid or headphone]. More specifically, hearing aid is aýdhelpilo, and headphones are kapaýdiloj.
We can also talk about: trinka¼o [a drink], bona¼o [a goodie], muzika¼o [a piece of music], nova¼o [news], cirkula¼o [a circular], skriba¼o [a written message], lingva¼o [language as spoken, as distinct to the language itself], hava¼o [the things a person has]. You can even talk about frukta¼o, meaning something made out of fruit, such as frukta suko [juice], or Esperanta¼o meaning either Esperanta skriba¼o or Esperanto memorabilia [memora¼o].
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Translation starts to get a bit tricky now, because many words do not have an
exact equivalent in the other language. If you've got the hang of the endings,
you'll be thinking directly in Esperanto, rather than through English. I rather
hope that that's what you've been doing all along (except where you've met new
words), but people are different; some people quite easily think in a new
language, whereas others find themselves continually translating. If you're
having difficulty with this, then concentrate on the made-up words that don't
have an exact English equivalent.
Have you ever asked for a pen and got the answer "Sorry, I've only got a pencil"? You answer "Oh, that'll do". So next time you say, "Have you got a writing implement?", but that sounds pompous, so then you settle on, "Have you got a pen or a pencil?" Well, in Esperanto you would simply say, "Æu vi havas skribilon?"Practising translation can be useful, though. Firstly, it lets your tutor know how well you have understood the text. Secondly, it prepares you for the time when you have to interpret between your visitor from Pasporta Servo and your friends, or whoever. When I learned, I taught myself, and didn't bother too much with translation. I had to practise hard though years later when I had to interpret for others, and at first found beginners were better than I was. But for getting fluency, you need to think in the language. Pracise reading the texts out loud [voæe] until you feel the fluency comming! |